Journal of Research Administration

Abdon Ribeiro da Silva Neto; Valmir Batista Prestes de Souza PDF

Context: This study addresses the following research question: How does the scientific literature characterize the manifestations of New Public Management within the Brazilian Judiciary, with particular regard to its principles, practices, and management instruments? Objectives: Its general objective is to identify and analyze, through an integrative literature review, the manifestations of New Public Management (NPM) in the Brazilian Judiciary. The specific objectives are to identify and characterize the scientific production addressing NPM in the context of the Brazilian Judiciary; to examine the principles and features of NPM reflected in judicial management practices as reported in the literature; to map the management mechanisms, practices, and instruments associated with efficiency, performance, productivity, and results-based management; to classify the theoretical and methodological approaches adopted in the selected studies; and to identify gaps in the existing body of knowledge while indicating avenues for future research on NPM in the Brazilian Judiciary. Research methodology: Based on secondary sources and a structured bibliographic survey, the study draws on data retrieved from the CAPES Journals Portal, accessed through the Federated Academic Community (CAFe), as well as from Google Scholar. The final sample comprised eight scientific studies, enabling a systematic analysis of the subject. Results: The findings reveal at least three recurring themes across the reviewed studies: (i) NPM is not portrayed as a single or homogeneous model implemented throughout the Brazilian Judiciary; (ii) high levels of formal governance indicators do not necessarily correspond to higher levels of institutional performance; and (iii) NPM mechanisms—such as targets, performance indicators, and results-based management—coexist with mechanisms associated with New Public Governance. Conclusions: The study concludes that NPM does not constitute an uniform or homogeneous model; rather, it is manifested through a set of principles and management instruments that have been progressively and unevenly incorporated into judicial management structures and practices.  

Dr. Asrar Mansoor Alrajhi; Dr. Mohamed Yousri; Dr. Fayza Ahmed Hassanin; Ms. Aisha Mahmoud Alshallqiti; Dr. Habib Alam Raza; Dr. Meshary Alsulami; Ms. Halah Hawsawi; Dr. Anas Banah PDF

Background: Learning from patient safety events is essential to convert safety information into organizational knowledge that supports safer care. The Lessons Learned Project was developed within the Makkah Healthcare Cluster (MHC) to establish a structured approach to reviewing patient safety events and disseminating lessons through multidisciplinary educational activities. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive evaluation of a quality improvement initiative implemented from September 2021 to May 2022. A multidisciplinary team reviewed selected patient safety events and translated them into educational messages delivered through lectures, videos, bilingual posters, active-learning activities, stakeholder engagement, and digital communication channels. A needs-assessment survey was completed by 34 healthcare workers. Program-evaluation data were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Results: The project established a 17-member multidisciplinary team that conducted 12 meetings and developed a standardized process for reviewing patient safety events. Educational outputs included a 13-day lecture series, three patient-safety videos, one introductory video, and 11 bilingual posters. Approximately 900 cumulative lecture attendances were recorded, while 317 registered participants were available for detailed evaluation. Among these participants, 57.7% worked within MHC, and 52.1% were nurses. Overall, 89.9% reported receiving the expected benefit from the lecture series, and 76.0% preferred future sessions after duty hours. Only 35.6% were willing to serve as speakers in a future cycle, and 13.9% were willing to share a patient safety experience through the project. Conclusion: The Lessons Learned initiative demonstrated the feasibility of a structured, multidisciplinary approach to translating patient safety events into organizational learning activities. The program achieved broad engagement and high perceived educational benefit; however, willingness to share personal patient safety experiences was limited. Future evaluations should incorporate objective measures of knowledge, reporting behavior, corrective-action implementation, and patient safety outcomes.  

Ali Al Ali; Wafaa Fathi Sleem PDF

Background: Decision-making is a fundamental component of nursing practice that significantly influences patient care and outcomes. It is closely associated with professional autonomy and the quality of nursing care. This study aimed to assess the effect of a decision-making training program on nurses’ professional autonomy. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was used. The study included 105 nurses working in the inpatient departments of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the Decision-Making Knowledge Questionnaire and the Professional Autonomy Questionnaire before and immediately after the implementation of the training program. The program consisted of five sessions covering theoretical and practical components of decision-making. Results: Nurses’ total decision-making knowledge improved significantly following the training program. The percentage of nurses with a high knowledge level increased from 45.7% before the intervention to 78.1% after the intervention, whereas the percentage with a low knowledge level decreased from 41.9% to 13.3% (χ² = 25.137, p < 0.001). Professional autonomy also improved significantly; the percentage of nurses with low professional autonomy decreased from 75.2% to 38.1%, while the percentage with high professional autonomy increased from 3.8% to 25.7% (χ² = 33.819, p < 0.001). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between total decision-making knowledge and professional autonomy scores both before (r = 0.326, p = 0.001) and after the intervention (r = 0.706, p < 0.001), indicating that the association became stronger following the training program. Conclusions and Recommendations: The decision-making training program was associated with significant improvements in nurses’ decision-making knowledge and professional autonomy. Strengthening decision-making competencies may promote greater professional autonomy and contribute to improving nursing care and patient outcomes. Healthcare institutions should consider incorporating structured decision-making training into continuing professional development programs for nurses.  

Saleh Saer Albalawl; Abeer Mohamed Zakaria; Nehad Saad El-Wkeel PDF

Background: Clinical competence training programs allow nurses to simulate real-life clinical scenarios, making decisions and avoiding clinical errors. Clinical competence training programs are vital in Saudi Arabia, considering the growing demand for skilled Saudi nurses in order to reduce dependency on foreign medical personnel. Aim: To assess the effect of clinical competencies training program on nurses’ job satisfaction and intention to stay. Methods: Quasi-experimental (pre-test post-test) research design was employed in the medical and surgical wards of King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Tabuk, KSA, with a sample size of 250 nurses. Data collection was done using four measures, which include: Clinical Competency Assessment Tool for Nurses, Self-Perception of Clinical Competency Scale, Nurses’ Job Satisfaction Scale, and Intention to Stay Scale. Results: Post-program mean scores of self-perceived clinical competence were statistically significantly higher than pre-program mean scores (43.61±7.90 versus 36.08±13.39, p=0.0001). Post-program mean scores of job satisfaction were statistically significantly higher than pre-program mean scores (148.04±28.86 versus 124.59±47.12, p=0.0001), while pre-program mean scores of intention to stay were statistically significantly higher than post-program mean scores (52.50±6.31 versus 43.61±7.90, p=0.0001). The correlations between total scores of clinical competence assessments and total scores of job satisfaction, self-perception of clinical competence, and intention to stay were statistically significant positive among the studied nurses both pre-program and post-program (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Improvement of self-perception of clinical competency, job satisfaction, and intention to stay after implementing clinical competencies training program for nurses at King Fahad Specialist Hospital. Recommendations: Implementing structured clinical competency training programs should be done continuously as parts of the professional development of nurses to improve and increase their clinical competencies and knowledge, as well as actively participating in clinical competency training programs, workshops, and simulation training to enhance their professional knowledge and skills.  

Benjamin Okezie Kalu (PhD), Ugonna Obi-Emeruwa (PhD) PDF

This study explores the transformative potential of digital platforms in bridging critical governance gaps within Nigeria’s climate adaptation frameworks, focusing specifically on adaptive management approaches. Climate governance in Nigeria is currently hindered by fragmented policy implementation, inadequate data infrastructure, limited stakeholder engagement, and weak vertical and horizontal integration across administrative levels. Employing a qualitative methodology comprising expert interviews, case studies, and systematic policy reviews, this research examines how Geographic Information Systems (GIS), real-time data dashboards, mobile applications, and artificial intelligence can address these structural barriers. Findings reveal that digital tools significantly enhance the precision of climate risk assessments and foster inclusive governance by integrating indigenous knowledge into formal adaptation strategies. Digital platforms facilitate improved communication, data-sharing, and collaborative decision-making among diverse stakeholders, thereby strengthening both vertical and horizontal coordination. However, the study identifies that technological interventions alone are insufficient; sustainable impact requires deliberate institutional reforms to embed digital solutions within existing governance structures and build absorptive capacity. Key recommendations include establishing centralized national climate data repositories, creating mandated multi-stakeholder digital forums, leveraging AI for predictive modelling, and securing statutory budget lines for digital infrastructure maintenance. The research concludes that when coupled with appropriate institutional redesign, digital platforms hold immense potential to enhance national resilience, ensuring climate policies remain contextually relevant and dynamically responsive to emerging environmental challenges. This study contributes to academic discourse on digital adaptive governance while providing actionable, evidence-based insights for policymakers, practitioners, and development partners seeking to strengthen climate adaptation outcomes in Nigeria and similar developing contexts through socio-technical alignment.  

Sanya, Olayemi Sunday; Komolafe, Adedoyin Abiodun; Victor, Ruth Amarachi; Prof. Nwaobia, Appolos PDF

This study investigates the impact of remote auditing on audit quality in Nigeria, with specific focus on audit evidence, auditor independence, and professional skepticism, while examining the moderating role of technological infrastructure. A quantitative survey research design was employed for the study. The target population comprised 500 audit professionals at PwC Nigeria's Lagos office, from which a sample of 222 respondents was selected using purposive and stratified sampling techniques. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics and regression analysis. The findings reveal that remote auditing significantly enhances audit evidence, independence, and professional skepticism, thereby contributing positively to audit quality. Importantly, technological infrastructure was found to play a dual role: directly improving audit processes and moderating the relationship between remote auditing and audit quality. The interaction effect indicates that the benefits of remote auditing are amplified when supported by secure, efficient, and regularly updated IT systems. The study concludes that technological infrastructure plays a pivotal role, not only as a direct contributor but also as a moderator that amplifies the positive effects of remote auditing. The study therefore recommended that audit firms should prioritize continuous investment in secure and efficient technological infrastructure, including advanced audit software, secure digital platforms, and reliable data storage systems, to maximize the benefits of remote auditing.  

Olayemi Sunday Sanya ; Prof. Ishola Rufus Akintoye PDF

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Dr. Agubosi, Lydia Akunna*; Dr. Kanu, Abednego Chibuzo; Fashina, Abiola Yetunde PDF

The study investigated perception of physics students on waste management practices by secondary school students in Ilorin metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria. The research also focused on the students’ perception on recycling, reducing and reusing wastes as practices for waste management. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from a sample of 340 respondents obtained through multi-stage sampling procedure from a population of secondary school students in public secondary schools in Ilorin metropolis. A 25-items structured questionnaire validated by experts was used for data collection with coefficient of internal consistency of 0.72 calculated using Cronbach Alpha. Four research questions and one hypothesis were formulated to guide the study and data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency, mean, standard deviation and analysis of variance.. Findings showed that the respondents perceived that waste management is a significant environmental issue, proper waste disposal can prevent diseases, waste management education is important in school curriculum, waste management can reduce environmental degradation, .effective waste management can improve the quality of life among others. Findings also showed that recycling and reusing are effective ways to manage waste while reducing is the least effective way of managing waste as perceived by the respondents. The study recommended that existing curriculum at all levels of education should be reviewed to include waste management education backed up with relevant cultural ethics that supports environmental consciousness.  

Sobade, Abimbola Lateef & Adegbie, Folajimi Festus PDF

Firm value remained a critical performance indicator for insurance companies, reflecting market confidence, investor perception, and long-term sustainability. Despite regulatory reforms in Nigeria’s insurance sector, concerns persisted regarding weak corporate governance structures and the quality of corporate financial reporting, raising questions about their combined effect on firm value. Existing empirical studies largely examined corporate governance or corporate financial reporting in isolation, providing limited evidence on their joint effect within the Nigerian insurance industry. The study therefore investigated the combined effect of corporate governance and corporate financial reporting on firm value, measured by Tobin’s Q, Price-to-Earnings Ratio, and Return on Equity, of listed Nigerian insurance companies. The study adopted an ex post facto research design and utilized panel data from sixteen listed insurance companies over a ten-year period (2015–2024). Panel least squares regression analysis was employed, with corporate governance proxied by board size, board gender diversity, and audit committee independence, while corporate financial reporting was measured using timeliness of financial reporting, disclosure quality, and audit quality. The findings showed that corporate governance and corporate financial reporting jointly exerted a statistically significant effect on Tobin’s Q (Adj. R² = 0.38; F-statistic = 17.45; p < 0.05) and Return on Equity (Adj. R² = 0.08; F-statistic = 3.40; p < 0.05), but had no significant combined effect on the Price-to-Earnings Ratio (Adj. R² = −0.01; F-statistic = 0.63; p > 0.05). Specifically, audit committee independence and board gender diversity were found to have significant positive effects on firm value, while board size exhibited mixed effects. Overall, governance mechanisms were more influential than financial reporting attributes in explaining firm value among the sampled firms. The study concluded that effective corporate governance, supported by credible financial reporting, enhances firm value in Nigerian insurance companies. It recommended strengthening board oversight, improving audit committee independence, and stricter regulatory enforcement to improve market valuation and investor confidence.    

Imo Chimezie Iwunna; Eje B. E. PDF

Solar powered instrumentation systems are widely used for remote monitoring because they can operate independently without grid electricity. However, their performance is affected by fluctuating solar energy, environmental conditions, and sensor degradation, which create challenges in calibration, measurement accuracy, uncertainty control, and data reliability. This study reviews the metrological challenges associated with solar powered instrumentation systems, focusing on calibration, uncertainty evaluation, and performance assessment under varying environmental and energy conditions. Relevant literature from journals, technical reports, and international standards was examined and analyzed. The review identified major challenges including calibration drift, power instability, environmental stress, data gaps, and uncertainty propagation. Emerging solutions such as adaptive calibration, energy aware sensing, and machine learning techniques were also examined for improving system reliability and operational efficiency. The study concludes that conventional metrological approaches are insufficient for handling the combined effects of energy variability and environmental exposure in solar powered systems. Improved integration of metrology, intelligent sensing, and energy management is therefore necessary to achieve reliable and accurate long-term measurements.  

Imo, Chimezie Iwunna; Oluka, S.I. PDF

This study presents a simulation driven comparative evaluation of structural integrity and energy performance for a multipurpose AGRO ROBOT designed for small scale agricultural operations. Using CAD based modelling, finite element analysis, and motion simulation, multiple geometric configurations were assessed to quantify the influence of chassis mass on safety margin, traction demand, and operational autonomy. Comparative results show that reducing chassis height and mass significantly improves system performance. The lightweight configuration achieved the highest Factor of Safety of 102.03 while simultaneously minimizing traction power and total system power demand, demonstrating that structural robustness can be enhanced alongside weight reduction. In contrast, increased chassis mass yielded only marginal gains in safety while imposing higher energy requirements. Slashing power remained constant across all scenarios, confirming that variations in total power consumption were dominated by mobility related energy demand. Comparative analysis of operational time further revealed that the lightweight configuration provides the longest battery endurance under identical battery specifications. These findings confirm that simulation driven parametric optimization enables objective comparison of design alternatives and supports informed selection of geometries that maximize structural reliability and energy autonomy. The study establishes a reproducible framework for optimizing multipurpose agricultural robots prior to fabrication, reducing development cost while improving field readiness.  

Edna Coelho De Almeida; Rosalia Maria Da Silva; Estela Pitwak Rossoni* PDF

Higher education in Brazil’s Northern Region operates within a context marked by structural, historical, and geographical inequalities, which calls for institutional policies capable of addressing access, retention, and educational quality. In this context, academic tutoring has emerged as a key strategy for implementing public policies in higher education, particularly with regard to teacher training, pedagogical support, and student inclusion. This article aimed to analyze academic tutoring as a strategy for implementing public policies in higher education at federal universities in the Amazon Region. A qualitative, descriptive, and documentary approach was adopted, based on Bardin’s Content Analysis, using national regulatory documents (LDB, PNE, SINAES), Institutional Development Plans (PDIs), Institutional Pedagogical Projects (PPIs), and Management Reports, as well as scientific articles indexed in the CAPES and SciELO databases. The analysis revealed four central categories: tutoring as a public policy and an instrument of educational management; academic tutoring as a critical and interdisciplinary formative space; as a mechanism for inclusion, equity, and student retention; and as a vector for pedagogical innovation and the improvement of teaching practices. It is concluded that academic tutoring serves as a cross-cutting axis of public policies for higher education in the Northern Region, contributing to the democratization of access, the strengthening of student retention, and the improvement of the quality of university education in Amazonian contexts.  

Majed Muidh Ameed Alotaibi , Asmaa Moustafa Abdel-Ghani , Awatef Hassan Kassem PDF

Background:  The style of nurse manager leadership may be adversely affected by their heavy workloads, which can provide obstacles and difficulties in achieving optimal nursing performance and, eventually, delivering high-quality care. Therefore, managing the workload of nurse leaders is essential to improving overall nursing performance and the capability to influence and motivate nurses to make decisions. Aim:  To determine effect of leadership styles training program on autonomous decision making among critical care nurses at king Faisal Medical Complex, Taif, in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest was used in critical care units at King Faisal Medical Complex- Taif on 35 head nurses and 200 staff nurses using three tools for data collection in the present study namely; Leadership styles Knowledge Questionnaire, Leadership styles questionnaire and Autonomous decision making scale questionnaire. Results: As for total leadership knowledge level, (100%) had a high level of total knowledge immediately after the program, representing the highest percentage recorded across the study, and this remained the predominant level (80.0%) at the three-month follow-up. Regarding the total level it was found that (0%) had high level and raised immediately after program to (69.5%), while markedly decline after 3 months follow up to (15.0%), regarding the total scores, the mean was 105.20±19.74 before the program, reached 176.31±27.21 immediately after while 107.20±18.28, at the three-month follow-up (χ²=394.074, p=0.0001). Conclusion It was concluded that there was a highly significant improvement in head nurses’ knowledge level regarding leadership styles throughout the program phases. Also, there was a highly significant improvement in head nurses’ level regarding leadership styles throughout the program phases Additionally, there was a highly significant improvement in nurses’ level of autonomous decision making immediately post-program, where nearly two-thirds of the studied staff nurses reached a high level of autonomous decision making (69.5%), followed by a marked decline to 15.0% at the three-month follow-up. Recommendations:  Create supportive and empowering work environment for enhancing staff nurses’ participation in decision making and independent professional judgment. Encourage open communication and shared decision making to promote trust and active participation in patient care decisions.  

Firmansah Koesyono Efendi; Ida Bagus Putu Arnyana; Sariyasa; I Wayan Kertih PDF

This research aims to produce visual learning media based on A'rera local wisdom that is valid, practical and effective that can improve learning outcomes and social responsibility of students in the learning of science class IV of elementary school. Media development research was carried out systematically using the Plomp model by testing the aspects of validity, practicality and effectiveness. The validity test was carried out using a Likert scale-based assessment instrument involving six experts (expert judgment) including two content experts, two media experts and two practitioner experts. The media practicality test was analyzed through a questionnaire of teacher and student responses using the Likert scale. The test subjects involved eleven teachers and twenty-six elementary school grade IV students. The effectiveness test was carried out in two classes involving fifty-two students. Data collection was carried out through learning outcome tests and social responsibility questionnaires before and after the use of media. Analysis of the validity of A'rera-based learning media using the gregory formula. Data analysis using the MANOVA test. Data analysis begins with statistical prerequisite tests, namely the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) and the variance homogeneity test (Levene's Test) to ensure that the data meets the assumptions of parametric analysis. The results of the study show that visual learning media based on local wisdom A'rera is in the category of being very valid and suitable for use. The characteristics of A'rera-based visual learning media have prominent distinctions both in terms of pedagogic, visual, and human values that are integrated in learning and visual presentation that are communicative and relevant to IPAS materials. Thus, A'rera-based visual learning media has been produced that meets valid, practical, and effective criteria that can improve learning outcomes and social responsibility of grade IV elementary school students.  

Khalid Matard Aldhafeeri, Prof. Abeer Mohamed Zakareia , Dr. El Tahra Elsayed Abo Habib PDF

Background: Talent management has emerged as a strategic imperative in healthcare organizations, particularly in nursing leadership, where head nurses play a crucial role in attracting, developing, and retaining skilled nursing staff. Organizational commitment among nurses is essential for ensuring quality patient care, reducing turnover, and maintaining organizational stability. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of implementing a talent management educational program for head nurses on nurses' organizational commitment at Hafar Al-Batin Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Design: A quasi-experimental (pre-post) research design was employed. Setting: The study was conducted in all inpatient units at Hafar Al-Batin Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Participants: A convenience sample of 85 head nurses and 120 staff nurses with at least one year of experience, who were available at the time of data collection, participated in the study.Tools: Three instruments were utilized: (1) Talent Management Knowledge Questionnaire (2) Talent Management Scale and (3) Organizational Commitment Scale .Results: The training program significantly improved head nurses' knowledge of talent management from low to high levels, with correct responses increasing from 38.8% at pre-test to 94.1% immediately post-test, and retained at 84.7% after three months. Head nurses' perceptions of talent management practices showed marked improvement, with mean scores increasing from 64.56 to 98.55 post-program, remaining at 94.91 at follow-up. Staff nurses' organizational commitment improved substantially, with the percentage of nurses exhibiting high commitment levels increasing from 6.7% pre-program to 78.3% post-program, remaining at 67.5% after three months. A strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation was found between head nurses' knowledge and perceptions of talent management across all study phases (r = 0.854 to 0.867, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The talent management educational program was highly effective in improving head nurses' knowledge and perceptions of talent management, which positively influenced staff nurses' organizational commitment. The sustained improvements at three-month follow-up demonstrate the program's lasting impact. Recommendations: Implement mandatory talent management training for all head nurses, establish continuous professional development programs with periodic refresher training, develop formal talent management frameworks integrating workforce planning and career development pathways, empower bedside nurses through decentralized decision-making.  

Hussain Mohammed Hussain Alsharyah*, Wafaa Fathi Sleem, Asmaa Mustafa Abdel Ghani PDF

Background: Polarity thinking allows nurses to gain a more in-depth insight into the complexities of their work. Aim: To determine the effect of a polarity thinking training program on resilience and intra-professional collaboration among nurses at Najran General Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Method: A quasi-experimental (one-group pretest–posttest with three-month follow-up) design was used in all inpatient units of Najran General Hospital with 114 nurses, using four tools: the Polarity Thinking Knowledge Questionnaire, Polarity Map Evaluation Observational Checklist, the Resilience Scale, and the Nurse–Nurse Collaboration Behavior Scale. Results: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between nurses’ knowledge about polarity thinking and nurses’ resilience after applying the training program (r = 0.541, p < 0.01), as well as between nurses’ knowledge about polarity thinking and intra-professional collaboration after applying for the training program (r = 0.412, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The polarity thinking training program proved to be effective in increasing the knowledge of nurses about polarity thinking, their skills in using polarity mapping steps and coping with polarity situations, and their beliefs about resilience and intra-professional collaboration. Recommendation: The hospital administration advised to promote the application of polarity thinking methods in unit meetings, problem-solving discussions, and decision-making processes.  

Arlyn C. Milanes PDF

Reading is a skill and ultimately the foundation for success. In the Philippine educational system, early grade reading performance has been a concern. In addition, in the local level, there is a scarcity of empirical research conducted specifically to study the reading performance of grade 2 pupils and utilize this as a basis for developing a structured intervention program such as a reading camp. This study investigated the effectiveness of a Reading Camp intervention in improving the reading performance of Grade 2 pupils and proposed a viable extension literacy program for sustainability. In the one-group pretest–post-test design, reading competencies of the pupils were measured before and after the implementation of the reading camp. Results showed a significant enhancement, where mean scores increased from 4.42 (SD = 1.57) to 25.95 (SD = 3.12), which indicates improvement in foundational reading competencies. Participants showed consistent gains in terms of performance. Further, in a paired samples t-test, the pretest and post-test scores were found to be significantly different; this thus means a highly significant intervention effect was yielded: mean difference = –21.53, t(18) = –28.53, p < .05. Results affirm research stressing the importance of systematic early literacy interventions in preventing long-term problems in reading. Using the findings, a replicable extension program entitled Reading C.A.M.P. was created: Creative Adventure, Mastering Phonics and Reading. The intervention packages daily teacher-guided reading, differentiated instruction, and periodic progress monitoring, serving as an evidence-based and sustainable solution to enhance early-grade literacy as a means to further quality education.  

Adel Abdulkhaleg AlHindi, Abeer Mohamed Zakria, Asmaa Mostafa Abd El-Ghani PDF

Background: When nurses feel that they are treated fairly and their opinions are valued, their level of trust in the organization increases. Organizational trust is considered a key factor in enhancing job satisfaction and promoting a healthy work environment. It also contributes to improving staff performance and the overall quality of nursing care delivered to patients. Aim: The study aimed to determine the Staff nurses' perception of organizational trust at King Fahd Specialized Hospital. Method: A descriptive research design was employed. This study was conducted at all inpatient departments at King Fahd Specialist Hospital Buraydah (KFSHB), Saudi Arabia, on a convenience sample of 114 nurses who participated in the study using one tool for data collection: Organizational Trust Scale. Results: The results revealed noticeable variation in perceived organizational trust among staff nurses, with the highest mean score reported for trust in supervisors (30.99), followed by co-workers (29.74), and the lowest in organizational management (26.80). Nearly half of nurses demonstrated high trust in supervisors (49.1%), whereas co-worker trust was mainly moderate (41.2%), and trust in management was predominantly low (42.1%). Overall, total organizational trust was mostly low (38.6%), compared to moderate (31.6%) and high (29.8%) levels, indicating generally suboptimal trust among nurses. Conclusion: Staff nurses demonstrated stronger trust in direct supervisors and colleagues than in higher organizational management. Overall organizational trust remains suboptimal, with a considerable proportion of nurses experiencing low trust levels. Recommendation: Healthcare organizations should enhance transparency, communication, and participatory decision-making to strengthen trust in management. Leadership development programs and team-building strategies are recommended to improve overall organizational trust among nurses.  

Risikat Mohammad (Ph.D); Akogun Alabelapo Kadri; Muhinat B. Bello & Jamiu O. Salami PDF

Academic corruption has emerged as a persistent challenge confronting educational systems in developing countries, undermining educational quality, institutional integrity, and students' moral development. This study investigated the predictive influence of academic corruption on indiscipline among senior secondary school students in Ilorin and Sokoto Metropolise, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design with multiple regression analysis was adopted, involving 442 randomly selected respondents from ten public secondary schools. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire titled Academic Corruption and Students' Indiscipline Questionnaire (ACSIQ). For negatively worded items, responses were reverse-coded before analysis to ensure accurate interpretation. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis was employed to test the predictive hypothesis at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that academic corruption significantly predicted students' indiscipline, accounting for 31% of the variance in indisciplinary behaviours (R² = 0.31, F(3, 238) = 35.64, p < .05). Students demonstrated negative attitudes towards academic dishonesty (grand mean = 2.35) and disapproved of academic corruption (grand mean = 2.23), yet acknowledged that indiscipline remains prevalent. Attitudes towards academic dishonesty (β = 0.34) and perceptions of corrupt practices (β = 0.28) emerged as significant predictors, while institutional factors did not independently predict indiscipline. The study concludes that academic corruption serves as a significant predictor of student indiscipline by weakening moral values and normalising unethical behaviours. It recommends strengthening integrity education, enforcing disciplinary measures consistently, and promoting stakeholder collaboration to foster ethical behaviour among students.  

Afaf Al-Mathani*, Omar Abreen PDF

Objective: This study measures how consumer evaluations of marketing content (quality and credibility), information needs, and attitudes influence perceived usefulness. It evaluates the subsequent impact of perceived usefulness on content adoption and behavioral intentions. The theoretical framework extends the Information Acceptance Model (IACM) within highly uncertain, emerging market environments. Methodology/Tools: The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach. Primary data were gathered via an online survey targeting a purposive sample of 256 consumers who follow the official Facebook pages of Yemeni companies. Sample size adequacy was validated using statistical power analysis (G*Power). Methodological controls, including Harman’s single-factor test, were implemented to assess common method bias (CMB). Statistical Analyses: Data analysis and hypothesis testing utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The measurement model assessment included outer loadings, composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and discriminant validity via Fornell-Larcker and Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) criteria. The structural model was evaluated using a bootstrapping procedure with 5,000 resamples to extract path coefficients, direct and indirect effects, and confidence intervals, aligning with the sequential mediation structure of the model. Main Findings: The results reveal a significant positive impact of marketing content quality, credibility, information needs, and attitude toward content on perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness, in turn, is a critical driver of content adoption. Content adoption exerts a strong positive effect on behavioral intentions. In contrast, attitude toward content has no significant direct effect on behavioral intentions once adoption is included in the model; its influence operates indirectly through perceived usefulness and content adoption. These findings largely support the sequential structure of the IACM and confirm its applicability in a crisis-affected emerging market. Key Implications: Theoretically, this study enriches existing literature by demonstrating that information adoption in volatile settings serves as a strategic risk-reduction mechanism. Practically, it recommends that marketing managers in Yemeni firms design needs-driven, highly credible marketing content. This approach stimulates consumer adoption and fosters electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) engagement.  

Abubakr Mohammed Hazam Al-Qutaibi*, Fadl Mohammed Al-Mahmoudi, Fuad Mansoor Ahmed Al-Ward PDF

Purpose: This study examines the impact of strategic management on human resource management (HRM) development in a fragile state context, where evidence remains scarce. Design/methodology/approach: Drawing on the resource-based view (Barney, 1991), dynamic capabilities theory (Teece et al., 1997), and strategic HRM theory (Wright & McMahan, 2011), a quantitative descriptive-analytical approach was employed. Data were collected via a 7-point Likert questionnaire (51 items) from 222 usable responses (92.5% response rate) of administrative leaders in nine Yemeni pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. Analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27. Findings: Strategic management is high (M = 5.31, SD = 1.02), while HRM development is moderately high (M = 4.76, SD = 1.35). The model is significant, R = .788, R² = .621, F (5, 216) = 70.84, p < .001. Environmental analysis (β = .37, p < .001) and strategy monitoring and evaluation (β = .40, p < .001) significantly predict HRM development. Originality/value: Extends SHRM theory to conflict-affected pharmaceutical firms, revealing a capability-outcome gap.  

Elisabeta Butoi, Oana-Carina Jecan, Paul Sorin Lazar PDF

This study examines how self-control relates to job satisfaction and whether the four dimensions of work-home interaction mediate this relationship among Romanian employees. Grounded in the strength model of self-regulation and Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, this study claims that self-control functions as a personal resource that both directly sustains positive job attitudes and shapes cross-domain spillover between work and home. Despite growing interest in self-control at work, few studies have modelled work-home interaction as the mechanism linking self-control to job satisfaction, and evidence from Central and Eastern European labour markets remains scarce. Self-reported data were collected from 751 Romanian employees using three validated instruments: the Survey Work-Home Interaction-Nijmegen (SWING), which distinguishes negative and positive work-to-home and home-to-work influence; the IPIP-VIA self-regulation scale; and the job-satisfaction subscale of the Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire. Data were analysed in JASP through descriptive statistics, reliability estimates, correlations, a series of one-way ANOVAs on ten demographic and work-related characteristics, and a covariate-adjusted parallel multiple-mediation model estimated with bias-corrected bootstrapping (5,000 resamples), controlling for age, work seniority and weekly overtime. The model explained 26.2% of the variance in job satisfaction. Self-control exerted a strong positive direct effect on job satisfaction and shaped every work-home dimension in the adaptive direction, reducing both conflict scales and raising both enrichment scales. Three of the four SWING dimensions - negative work-to-home interference, positive work-to-home interaction and positive home-to-work interaction - transmitted significant indirect effects, whereas negative home-to-work interference did not, indicating partial mediation. Notably, the combined positive-impact pathways slightly exceeded the conflict-reduction pathway, underscoring the role of resource gain alongside resource loss. The ANOVA results reinforced these patterns: overtime showed the strongest association with job satisfaction, while older age and longer tenure were correlated with higher self-control and satisfaction and lower work-home conflict. The findings suggest that self-regulation is a meaningful antecedent of job satisfaction, operating through both the reduction of negative impact and the promotion of positive cross-domain resource transfer. In practice, they point to the value of curbing mandatory overtime, offering self-regulation and recovery interventions, and adopting family-friendly policies. Key limitations are the study's cross-sectional design, its dependence on self-reported measures, and a sample composed largely of young female employees.  

Barde, A.M. , Gana, A.S., Daniya, E., Daudu, O.A.Y., Nwosu, D.J., 3 & Omonomo P. PDF

Rice (Oryza sativa Linnaeus.) production in Nigeria is constrained by abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, and iron toxicity. This study evaluated 30 lowland rice genotypes for tolerance to these stresses using phenotypic, physiological, and agronomic parameters. Drought screening was conducted under field conditions with irrigation withdrawal, while salinity (0, 8, 16 dSm?¹) and iron toxicity (0, 150, 300 ppm Fe²?) were evaluated in screen house experiments. Results revealed significant genotypic variability (p<0.05) for all traits assessed. Under drought stress, FARO 68 exhibited the highest grain yield (1,227.26 kg/ha) and stress tolerance index (STI=2.10), while FARO 34 was most susceptible. Salinity screening identified FARO 44 and FARO 68 as highly tolerant with lowest salt injury scores (1.00-2.33) and maintained grain yields of 25.03-31.17g at 16 dSm?¹. For iron toxicity, Alh Baba, FARO 33, and FARO 44 showed strong tolerance with injury scores ≤1.67 at 300ppm. Correlation analysis identified panicle length and 1000-grain weight as key yield determinants under stress. High heritability (0.77-0.98) and genetic advance estimates for yield traits suggested additive gene action. FARO 16 demonstrated combined tolerance to all three stresses, showing low yield reduction (0.40%) under drought, salinity tolerance at 8 and 16 dSm?¹, and iron toxicity score of 1.00 at 150ppm. These tolerant genotypes represent valuable genetic resources for breeding programs targeting stress-prone environments in Nigeria.  

Hilal Mohammed Mohammed Al-Bahri; Dr. Mohammed Abdullah AL-Ashwal PDF

Drawing on the resource-based view and the resource-based theory of the firm, this study investigates the effect of organizational capabilities, together with their dimensions (human, physical, and marketing capabilities), on competitive advantage and its dimensions (quality, cost efficiency, and customer responsiveness) in private hospitals. The study adopts a quantitative, descriptive-analytical approach and employs partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4.0 and SPSS 28. The population consists of 75 private hospitals located in Sana'a, the capital of Yemen, of which 15 hospitals (20 percent) were surveyed. A census sample of 376 managers, deputy managers, and heads of technical and administrative departments was approached, yielding 354 valid responses after outlier screening. The results reveal that organizational capabilities exert a strong and significant effect on competitive advantage (β = 0.463, t = 9.112, p < 0.001). At the dimensional level, human capabilities demonstrate the strongest effect (β = 0.333, t = 6.645, p<0.001), followed by physical capabilities (β = 0.322, t = 7.415, p < 0.001) and marketing capabilities (β = 0.303, t = 6.315, p < 0.001). The measurement model satisfies all reliability and validity criteria (composite reliability = 0.785–0.922; AVE = 0.530–0.755; HTMT < 0.90), and the model exhibits substantial explanatory and predictive power (R² for competitive advantage = 0.746; Q² = 0.591). The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from a developing-country healthcare context and offers practical implications for hospital managers seeking to configure organizational capabilities as a source of competitive advantage.  

Sadiq Ahmad Zaid Al-Hussam, Ahmed Mohammed Abdullah Nasser, Ali Abdullah Hassan Al-Awadhi & Fuad Mansoor Ahmed Al-Ward PDF

This study examined the relationship between management information systems (MIS) and organizational excellence at the Social Fund for Development (SFD) in Yemen. MIS was assessed through four dimensions: hardware and communication networks, software, databases, and MIS-related human resources. The study also evaluated the levels of MIS use and organizational excellence within the institution. A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical design was employed. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to a disproportionate stratified sample of 232 employees drawn from a population of 580. All distributed questionnaires were returned and retained for analysis, yielding a valid response rate of 100%. Sampling weights were applied to adjust for the disproportionate allocation across occupational strata, and the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 27. The findings indicated a positive and statistically significant association between MIS and organizational excellence (R = .570, R² = .325, p < .001). MIS use was rated high, whereas organizational excellence was rated moderate. These findings indicate that stronger MIS capabilities are associated with higher levels of organizational excellence, although the cross-sectional design does not establish causality. The study recommends regularly evaluating and updating information systems, strengthening employee capabilities, supporting research and development initiatives, and involving innovative and high-performing employees in decision-making.  

Salman Sultan Alosaimi, Wafaa Fathi Sleem, Maysa Fekry Ahmed PDF

Background: Conflict is the main cause of poor collaboration between nurses and physicians, and negotiation is the best way to resolve conflicts between health care professionals. Negotiation is the best effective approach to conflict control. It is significant to nurses in health care settings to recognize different negotiation styles; therefore, they can interact properly through diverse conditions of conflict in the organization. Aim: To evaluate the effect of an educational program of negotiation skills among nurses on conflict resolution in intensive care units at King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Method: Quasi experimental research design, in all intensive care units at King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, on 114 nurses using three tool for data collection namely Negotiation Skills Knowledge Questionnaire, Negotiation Process-Style Scale, and Rahim Conflict Inventory–II (ROCI-II). Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was found at pretest (r=0.357, P=0.0001), indicating a weak-to-moderate relationship between knowledge and practice at baseline. This correlation strengthened at the immediate posttest (r=0.455, P=0.0001) and substantially increased at the 3-month follow-up (r=0.699, P=0.0001). Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that the educational training program was effective in significantly improving staff nurses’ negotiation skills knowledge, negotiation practice, and conflict resolution abilities. Most nurses demonstrated substantial improvements immediately after the intervention, with these gains largely maintained at follow-up. Additionally, significant positive correlations were found between negotiation knowledge, negotiation practice, and conflict resolution, indicating that increased knowledge enhanced the application of negotiation skills, which subsequently improved nurses’ ability to resolve conflicts effectively. Recommendations: Incorporate negotiation and conflict resolution content into undergraduate and postgraduate nursing curricula. Emphasize the relationship between communication, negotiation, and patient care outcomes throughout nursing education programs.  

Hesham Ali M. Al-Sanabani,* Abdulkhaleq H. Tawwaf, Fuad Mansoor Ahmed Al-Ward PDF

This study examined the role of e-governance in achieving digital transformation in education at Yemeni universities. E-governance was measured through seven dimensions: strategic planning, e-participation, e-transparency and disclosure, e-accountability, autonomy, rule of law, and technical standards and requirements. Digital transformation in education comprised three dimensions: digital administration, digital education, and digital infrastructure. This study adopted a quantitative, descriptive-analytical approach. A questionnaire served as the primary instrument for data collection. Secondary field and documentary sources were used as a reference base. Data triangulation was applied to enhance the respondents' assessments and ensure their consistency with the realities of the 33 public and private universities in Sana'a, the capital of Yemen. These universities constituted the study population, which comprised all academic and administrative leaders. A stratified random sample of 1,065 leaders (approximately 75% of the population) was selected. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the study hypotheses and validate the proposed model. The findings revealed that e-governance has a statistically significant role in driving digital transformation in education, with a high path coefficient (β = 0.92). The study recommends that Yemeni universities adopt e-governance as an administrative framework to regulate the digital transformation process and ensure its effectiveness in higher education institutions.  

Hanan Ibrahim Abd Elfatah Abo Elfetoh, Hala Gabr Mahmoud, Nehad Saad El-Wkeel* PDF

Background: Soft skills for head nurses are the most important demands and requirements for their role to enable them to make their daily basis, to deal with the majority of health-care personnel. Soft skills for head nurses include the skills and characteristics that help them succeed in their roles such as communication, teamwork, and leadership. So, using those skills will reflect on job performance of head nurses and their self-efficacy. Aim: to investigate the effect of a soft skills training program on head nurses' job performance and self-efficacy at Fakous Central Hospital. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design and utilizing a convenience sample of 70 hesd nurses at Fakous Central Hospital. Five tools of data collection were used namely, Soft Skills Knowledge Questionnaire, Head Nurses' Soft Skills Questionnaire, Head Nurses' Soft Skills Observation Sheet, Head Nurses' job Performance Observation Form and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Finding of the present study revealed a significant difference of head nurses' knowledge, perception and practice regarding soft skills as indicated by significant  improvement in the mean scores of head nurses’ knowledge, perception and practice regarding soft skills(p< 0.001) that confirmed that there were highly positive statistically significant correlations among studied head nurses' total knowledge, perception ,practice regarding soft skills and their job performance and self -efficacy. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was significant positive correlation was found between head nurses’ total knowledge scores about soft skills and their total scores for perception, practice, job performance, and self-efficacy across all phases of the training program. Recommendation: Applying soft skills as curriculum for the fourth year to prepare the students in the professional work in the future, further research needs to apply another soft skill such as problem solving and emotional intelligence.  

Nwachukwu Basilia Chiamaka (Ph.D); Eke Celestine Chinwe; Ugwu Osmund Chinweoda (Ph.D) PDF

The study examined the effect of Sustainable Reporting as a Catalyst for Economic Growth in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of Market Presence and Investments on Economic Growth in Nigeria. Evaluate the effect of Economic Value Generated on Economic Growth in Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for this investigation. The survey findings were evaluated using SPSS 28.0's simple linear regression analysis. The result revealed that, Market Presence and Investments has a significant effect on Economic Growth with a P-value of (0.001<0.05). Economic Value Generated have a significant effect on Economic Growth with a P-value of (0.019<0.05) of Nigeria. The study concluded that sustainable reporting serves as a powerful catalyst for economic growth in Nigeria. The study recommended among others that the Nigerian policymakers to reinforce regulatory frameworks and for businesses to integrate sustainability into their core strategies. By doing so, Nigeria can convert the intangible benefits of ethical reporting into concrete, widespread economic prosperity.  

Marwan Taher Abdo Saif Al-mekhlafi & Abdulaziz Mohammed Ahmed Al-mekhlafi PDF

This study aimed to investigate the impact of strategic planning as a mediating variable in the relationship between organizational factors and the achievement of sustainable institutional excellence in Yemeni private universities. A quantitative approach, specifically a descriptive-analytical method, was employed, and a questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. The study population comprised ten Yemeni private universities, established more than ten years prior, with their main branches located in the capital, Sana'a. These universities represent more than half of the total study population of eighteen universities. These universities were selected using simple random sampling. The study targeted 321 employees from these universities, randomly selected from a total study population of 660 employees. Main Findings: The study demonstrated a high level of effectiveness of organizational factors and strategic planning practices, as well as a distinguished level of achievement in sustainable institutional excellence within Yemeni private universities. Furthermore, the results revealed that organizational factors directly and indirectly influence sustainable institutional excellence, with strategic planning acting as a key mediating variable that strengthens this relationship. Recommendations: To enhance the sustainability of the effectiveness of organizational factors (administrative leadership, organizational culture, and human resources) and to research other factors that lead to the enhancement of strategic planning practices with its components (environmental analysis, strategy formulation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation) in order to achieve sustainable institutional excellence in Yemeni private universities, given its great importance in providing added value in its main functions: education, scientific research, community service and ensuring long-term continuity.

Ayasal Anthony Auya (PhD), Ugonna Obi-Emeruwa (PhD), Ekaette, Glory Edem Ph. PDF

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation in the aviation sector presents a critical challenge for Human Resource management: aligning workforce capabilities with technological demands while mitigating displacement anxiety. This study assessed reskilling needs and employee adaptation strategies within the Nigerian aviation industry, focusing on the interplay between technical competence, psychological acceptance, and organizational support. Employing a mixed-methods design, data were collected from 250 aviation professionals across three airlines and two international airports using stratified random sampling for quantitative surveys (n=250) and purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews (n=15). The theoretical framework integrated the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Human Capital Theory to examine how reskilling quality, perceived usefulness, and organizational support influence multidimensional adaptation. Quantitative analysis revealed a significant hybrid skills deficit: while emotional intelligence scored high (M=3.9), AI tool proficiency remained critically low (M=2.1). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that Reskilling Training Quality was the strongest predictor of employee adaptation (β=0.38, p<.001), followed by Perceived Usefulness (β=0.28) and Organizational Support (β=0.25), collectively explaining 62% of variance in adaptation outcomes. Qualitative thematic analysis identified fear of job displacement, inadequate practical training, and leadership communication gaps as primary barriers to successful transition. The study concludes that AI adoption in aviation is fundamentally a human systems challenge requiring role-specific reskilling, transparent co-design processes, and career-integrated learning pathways. Seven strategic recommendations are proposed, including establishing national upskilling funds, embedding AI competencies in promotion criteria, and deploying psychological safety metrics.  

Abdullah Abdulrab Ahmed Abdulkarem & Abdullah Ali Al-Qurashi PDF

This study aims to analyse the role of strategic planning, as a mediating mechanism in the relationship between project quality. The study proceeds from the assumption that the application of project management knowledge areas does not directly translate into project quality without the support of strategic planning to ensure alignment of projects with the organization’s long-term objectives. A descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, encompassing all members of the study population within the construction sector of the Yemen Economic Corporation (73 individuals). Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and analysed via SPSS (version 28) and Smart PLS (version 4) to assess reliability, validity, and the mediation model. The findings revealed that the construction sector applies project management knowledge areas to a relatively high degree, with variation across dimensions. Project quality was found to be high in dimensions related to efficiency, effectiveness, and impact, yet lower in sustainability. Mediation analysis confirmed that strategic planning plays a substantial mediating role, enhancing the effect of knowledge areas on construction project quality. The study recommends strengthening awareness and training in project management and strategic planning, employing modern technologies in project management, and adopting precise performance and quality indicators to ensure the delivery of high-quality, cost-effective, and sustainable projects. Such measures contribute to improved organizational performance and enhanced competitiveness.  

Okoi Etim Iwara; Dr. Ozoji Amara Priscilia; Onakpoma Onuh Johnson; Uduma Jane Uchechi PDF

This study examined the effect of indirect taxation on Nigeria’s economic development, specifically examining how value added tax (VAT) and customs and excise duties have affected real gross domestic product (RGDP), unemployment rate (UR), and human development index (HDI) in Nigeria. Using an ex-post facto research design, the study analyzed thirty years of secondary data (1994–2024) using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The study found out that: there is a positive and significant effect of indirect tax (VAT, Custom and Excise duties) on real GDP in Nigeria, there is a positive (LVAT) / negative (LCED) and significant effect of indirect tax on unemployment rate in Nigeria; as well as a positive and significant effect of indirect tax (VAT, Custom and Excise duties) on human development index in Nigeria. The study concluded that indirect tax has significant effect on economic development in Nigeria as such effect extended across all the economic development indicators studied. Based on the results, the study recommended that government should strengthen the contribution of VAT and custom and excise duties to GDP growth through improvement of compliance, broadening of the tax base, reducing leakages, and enhancing the digitalize tax collection. Moreover, the study recommended that Nigerian government should introduce a policy that can enhance channeling of more VAT revenue towards employment generation. For more improved Nigeria’s human development, government are recommended to maintain effective management and utilization of revenue from indirect taxes in enhancing Nigeria’s healthcare facilities, education and quality standard of living in the country.