Journal of Research Administration

Salahedin Abdu Ebrahim, Prof. Jaladi Ravi PDF

This paper investigates green intellectual Capital for Sustainable Development within the Midroc Investment Group in Ethiopia. The main objective of the studies is to identify the challenges, Opportunities, and implementation factors of Intellectual Capital for Sustainable Development within the MIDROC Investment Group in Ethiopia.The researcher used a descriptive research design and cluster sampling, then selected a random sample from the resulting clusters. All units within the selected clusters are then surveyed. The number of people in the population who filled out and returned the form was 347, 316. The data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire from the respondents and analysed in SPSS 27 to describe the data in a table and to test reliability. Based on the studies' findings, the researchers concluded that significant underappreciation of the importance of intellectual capital, insufficient costs for training and development, and insufficient R&D funding were major problemsMIGfaced. Insufficient investment in training, elevated turnover rates, Lack of involvement, ineffective management of intellectual capital, and obsolete technology are significant obstacles to advancing intellectual capital.Research indicates that leveraging intellectual capital can provide a competitive advantage and foster sustained innovation. A proposed framework utilising both quantitative and qualitative indicators is suggested for measuring intellectual capital. MIGis advised to manage knowledge and enhance technology to boost its intellectual capital and sustain competitiveness.  

Mobi.V.Babu, Ms.Suby Iype PDF

Forgetfulness can be a normal part of ageing. As people grow older, changes occur in all parts of the body, including the brain. Neuroplasticity or brain plasticity is the ability of the brain to change throughout an individual’s life. One of the ways to improve brain plasticity is by exercising the brain. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of brain boosting exercises on age related memory loss among the elderly. The objectives of the study were to identify the prevalence of memory loss among the elderly, to determine the effectiveness of brain boosting exercise on age related memory loss among the  elderly and to examine the association between age related memory loss scores and selected baseline variables. The research design used for the study was a quasi experimental prê-test post-test control group design and the sampling technique was purposive sampling. The investigator selected 60 elderly individual between 65 and 85 years of age from a selected old age home in Pathanamthitta district of these 30 samples belongs to the experimental group and 30 samples belongs to the control group. The base line data were collected using socio demographic questionnaire. A memory scale was used to assess the memory deficiency of the subjects. The experimental group received the interventions for three weeks. The Independent sample t - test was used to assess the effect of brain boosting exercises and to determine the association between pre interventional score and baseline variables. The result showed that there was a statistically significant difference between pre and post memory score (p<0.01) in the experimental group. The study also study established a significant association between age and memory related problem with pre interventional score (p<0.01, 0.008).The study concluded that brain boosting exercise were effective in improving memory among the elderly.  

Srinivas Parashivamurthy; Ananda. H. T; Nagaraja. N; Ramachandra. S. R PDF

This study computes the elastic stiffness constants of crystals α-Al2O3 and ZnO belongs to group of oxides, -Si3N4 and h-BN belongs to group ofnitridesandSiC-4H, SiC-6Hbelongs to group of Carbides and its comparison with experimental results. Further, elastic moduli, eigenvalues of the stiffness matrix, the velocity of primary waves and shear waves in sample crystals along c-axis are computed using two different computational processes, viz., General Utility Lattice Program (GULF) and the ELATE Program. For the computation, the   reported experimental data of cell parameters of sample crystals are used. The computed elastic stiffness constants of sample crystals are  in close agreement with experimentally reported values. A high P- wave velocity of 13.52 Km/s is observed in -Si3N4 indicating high stiffness, high density with low porosity. A high S- wave velocity of 7.22 Km/s is observed in SiC-6H, indicating SiC-6H is more rigid, dense and posses strong elastic properties. All the sample crystals, except ZnO have significantly high elastic moduli. This indicates excluding ZnO, the remaining crystals are highly thermodynamically and mechanically stable, stiffer with hardness and toughness nature. Poisson’s ratio of  -Al2O3,ZnO, -Si3N4 and h-BN are in the range of 0.2 to 0.35 where as it is low in the range of 0.15 to 0.17for SiC-4H and SiC-6H. Spatial variation of elastic moduli and Poisson’s ratio of sample crystals are figured. The eigenvalues of stiffness matrix λ1, λ2, λ3, λ4 and λ5 are high for SiC-6H compared to that of other sample crystals. Interestingly, λ6 is high for h-BN compared to that of other sample crystals. Higher value of λ6 of h-BN compared to other samples indicates that, h-BN is adequately constrained and therefore stable.  

Mohammed Riad; Hicham El Bouanani PDF

In a context of accelerating digitalization of logistics and supply chains, organizations expect information systems (ERP, WMS, TMS) to deliver tangible efficiency gains (shorter lead times, higher productivity, fewer errors). However, such benefits depend less on the mere presence of tools than on perceived system quality, perceived information quality, and the level of support/training provided to users. Drawing on the information systems success literature (DeLone & McLean, 2003; Petter et al., 2008), this study examines the effects of system quality (QS), information quality (QI), and support/training (SF) on process performance (EP). Based on a 5-point Likert survey administered to N = 227 professionals, we estimate hierarchical multiple regression models with HC3 robust standard errors (MacKinnon & White, 1985). Results show positive and significant effects of QS (B = 0.339, p < 0.001), QI (B = 0.402, p < 0.001), and SF (B = 0.204, p = 0.002) on EP in the full model (R2 = 0.506), while tested moderation effects are not significant. Common method bias checks and diagnostic tests (VIF, Breusch-Pagan, Shapiro-Wilk, influential observations) complement the analysis and support the robustness of conclusions.  

Dr Saurabh, Dr Prashant G. Jadar , Dr Samridhi Grover PDF

Sudha nidhi rasa is one of the formulations mentioned in Rasendra Sara Sangraha2. It is renowned for its traditional significance and its therapeutic efficiency. There are many Rasa preparations which are not explored critically. With the particular reference to Rasendra Sara sangrah this literary evaluation attempts to analyze the pharmacological characteristics, therapeutic indications, production process and detailed composition of herbal and mineral drugs in Sudha Nidhi rasa. This text is a foundational classical work which is credited to Srigopal Krishan Bhatt which has provided thorough understanding of the methods used to process metallic bhasma, mercury and creation of powerful herbo-mineral compounds. The formulation is mentioned in different classical texts of Ayurveda which has been indicated in different diseases but in this review it’s only focused into Rasendra Sara Sangraha. Despite its historical mentions in classical texts, its pharmacological profile remains largely unexplored in modern research.  

Abdul Muksid K; Amalu Regi; Dr. Muneer V PDF

“Learning: The Treasure Within,” was commissioned by the invitation of the UNESCO General Conference, as an idea from Director-General Federico Mayor, to serve as the outcome of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-first Century under the chairmanship of Jacques Delors. The commission took on the herculean task of overcoming the obstacles of the world embedded with diverse situations, and reaching universally accepted analyses and conclusions. The NCF 2023 intends to redefine education for a contemporary India. At this juncture, the study analyses the degree of alignment of NCF 2023 with the seven tensions mentioned in Delors Commission report. For this purpose, a problem-driven content analysis design including five elements namely, unitizing, sampling, recoding/coding, abductive inferring, and narrating was adopted. The design was followed by determining degree of alignment of each part of the framework with each tension and assigning appropriate scores accordingly. The study puts forward creative suggestions to improve the parts of the NCF which showed only moderate or no alignment with the tensions.  

Pedro Vitor Teixeira Fusa; Rosalia Maria Passos Da Silva; Walterlina Barboza Brasil PDF

This article analyzes the effectiveness of the public policy of Urban Land Regularization for Social Interest (REURB-S) in the municipality of Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil, based on a theoretical framework that integrates the Theory of Sustainable Territorial Development (STD) with the Brazilian urban policy’s legal and institutional framework, including land regularization and territorial cadastre. STD conceives territory as a social construction resulting from the interaction among economic, social, environmental, and institutional dimensions, while normative instruments related to land regularization, urban planning, and territorial cadastre provide the analytical basis for evaluating state action. The study adopts a quali-quantitative approach, combining documentary analysis of urban and institutional regulations with the collection and systematization of administrative data from the Municipal Secretariat for City Development (SEMDEC), covering the period from 2021 to 2024. The results indicate a significant expansion of REURB-S in the municipality, with annual processes increasing from 681 to 4,245, evidencing an enhancement in institutional capacity for land regularization. However, only approximately 6% of the regularizations occurred within Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), a central instrument of municipal urban planning. Advances are observed in the social registration of residents, particularly in social housing developments, while normative and operational limitations related to the restrictive delimitation of ZEIS persist. The study concludes that Porto Velho has expanded its land regularization actions; however, full alignment with legal guidelines and the principles of sustainable territorial development depends on the updating of territorial planning instruments. This research contributes academically to municipal public administration and to stakeholders interested in urban land governance.  

Prof. Joseph Kwasi Agyemang; Prof. Cameron Modisane PDF

This study explores the factors of public sector financial accountability (PSFA) in the Kingdom of Eswatini, the only absolute monarchy remaining in Africa. The study will specifically examine the roles of public participation, governance structures, political will, and media independence constructs that are constantly signalled in accountability conversations worldwide, yet have not been studied in hybrid governance regimes. The study employs a stratified cross-sectional survey of 192 financial oversight professionals throughout the ministries, local governments, agencies, and parastatals of Eswatini. The study uses the Pearson correlation, multiple regressions, and diagnostic tests to investigate the relationships between constructs. The study finds political will (β = 0.736) is the strongest predictor for financial accountability, followed by public participation (β = 0.149) and then media independence (β = 0.043), and finally governance structures are statistically insignificant (β = 0.010). The findings indicate that institutions play a performative, not transformative role in the patrimonial state of Eswatini, where formal systems are regularly displaced by informal authorities. Theoretically, the study takes issue with the assumption of relevance, and subsequent generalizability, of Western based theories such as Governance Theory, Principal-Agent Theory and Media Dependency Theory; calling for a context-specific model that captures the influences of monarchy and institutional anomalies. Methodologically, it fills a significant gap in literature by employing a rigorous, multi-variable quantitative design in a geographic scope often overlooked. Ultimately, in regard to accountability reform in Eswatini, any attempts need to understand the aspects of “performative will”, the ceremonialisation of compliance and the limiting of civil spaces. Some of the recommendations made include the co-opting of institutions, protecting the media from various forms of exclusion, mandating participatory budget allocations, and a Monarchical Accountability Index that can help future research and reform in similar contexts.  

Huda Abdullah Ahmed Al-Akwa, Fuad Mansoor Ahmed Al-Ward PDF

This study investigates the similarities and differences in the qualitative internal efficiency of postgraduate studies across Yemeni public and private universities. The analysis focuses on five key dimensions: the mission and objectives of postgraduate programs, the academic structure, the organizational and administrative structure, the physical infrastructure, and financial resources. The ultimate goal is to propose actionable strategies for enhancing the qualitative internal efficiency of postgraduate studies in both sectors. This study employed a descriptive approach, utilizing documentary, analytical, and comparative methods. The most significant findings include: both Yemeni public and private universities articulate clear and defined missions and objectives. These focus on the efficiency of the output (postgraduate students) and on contributing to community service and research institutions to support national development strategies. Both university types adhere to the Yemeni Universities Law concerning the duration of study, the teaching system, admission procedures, and the mechanisms for supervision and thesis defense. Private universities are distinguished from their public counterparts by the full dedication of their faculty members to teaching duties, community service, and scientific research. Furthermore, private universities emphasize the periodic evaluation of their staff. Both Yemeni public and private universities operate with an approved and flexible organizational structure for postgraduate studies, enabling them to manage their affairs and fulfill their mission. There is a shared focus on transitioning from manual to electronic systems by linking all departments and colleges via an internal network. The study recommends developing a joint governance system that strategically leverages the strengths of both the public and private university models. Developing a unified accreditation system for all universities to ensure consistent quality and standardization  

Apuyor, B.O.; Akanya, H. O.; Egwim, E. C.; Abdulkadir, A.; Ossamulu, F. I. PDF

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is a lesser-known crop that remains underutilized despite its potential. The seeds are primarily processed for oil, leaving behind a by-product known as castor seed cake. This residue is often discarded due to its content of harmful substances such as ricin, ricinine, and certain allergens. The present study investigates the nutritional composition of castor seed cake and explores optimal processing techniques that can reduce its anti-nutrient content to safe levels for animal feed inclusion. Proximate and mineral contents were analyzed in accordance with methods established by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), while amino acid profiling was carried out using an automated analyzer. Anti-nutrient and functional characteristics were also assessed using standard protocols. A total of seven different processing approaches—including heat treatment (toasting and boiling), fermentation, and their combinations—were applied to mitigate the anti-nutritional factors. Findings indicated that the NCRICAS 1 variety contains high protein (39.93%) and mineral content (ash 6.24%). Essential amino acids such as leucine (6.18 mg/g), lysine (4.19 mg/g), and methionine (2.08 mg/g) were found in considerable quantities. Ricin and ricinine levels were measured at 3.44 mg/100g and 0.53 mg/100g, respectively. Among the tested methods, the most effective involved boiling at 84°C for 65 minutes followed by fermentation at 40°C for 5 days, which reduced ricin by 99.7% and increased protein to 40.48%. These results suggest that with proper detoxification, NCRICAS 1 seed cake holds significant promise as a nutritious component in animal feed.  

Apuyor, B. O.; Akanya, H. O.; Egwim, E. C.; Abdulkadir, A; Nwosu, D. J. PDF

The growth, haematological and lipid characteristics of Cobb broilers (n = 150) fed inclusions of detoxified NCRICAS1 castor cake poultry feed (DNCCPF) incorporated in a 56-day trial were determined. Completely randomized design was employed in assigning 10 one day-old chicks to each of five labeled groups (G1-G5) and replicated thrice with dietary treatment groups G1 with 100% soybean meal (control), G2 contained 25% DNCCPF and 75% soybean meal, G3 comprised 50% DNCCPF and 50% soybean; G4 was 75% DNCCPF and 25% soybean while G5 was 100% DNCCPF. Daily feed intake and weekly weights of the chicks were measure. While, haematological and lipid characteristics were determined at the end of the study. Results show that birds fed 100 % soybean meal (control) had significantly (p < 0.05) highest weight (3257.00 g) after 56 days of feeding. This was not significantly different from birds fed 100 % castor cake (3173.40g). At eight weeks, feed conversion ratio of birds in control group G1 (0.31) was not significantly different from birds fed 100 % (0.32) and 75 % (0.32) castor inclusions. Red blood cell count was highest (p < 0.05) in G4 (1.76 × 106) and G5 (1.67 × 106 /uL) and lowest in G2 (1.38 × 106 /uL). Haemoglobin concentration was highest (p < 0.05) in G4 (8.20 g dL–1) and lowest in G2 (5.47 g dL–1). Decreased in triglyceride and lipoproteins in birds fed castor based feed were not significantly (p > 0.05) different from 100% soybean meal (control). Serum cholesterol (213.50mmol/L) of birds in the control group G1 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that in the entire castor based feed. The result of feed conversion ratio of birds fed castor cake based poultry is an indication that castor cake inclusion did not reduce the feeding of the birds. The DNCCPF 100 % castor inclusion was able to maintain growth performance, haematological and serum lipid characteristics of test broilers when compared with 100 % soybean meal and therefore, may replace soybean meal in poultry feed.  

Fairoz Hasan Gaber Shobel, Prof. Abdu Ahmed Ali AL-Ameri, Fuad Mansoor Ahmed Al-Ward PDF

This study appears to aims to determine the impact of human majuscule (comprising knowledge, skill, and experience) on organizational performance (efficiency and effectiveness) within the insurance sector of Sana'a, Yemen. Utilize a descriptive-analytical approach, the search integrate the description of the phenomenon with rigorous data psychoanalysis to derive precise conclusions. A structure questionnaire was contrived as the primary data collection instrument. Of the 279 questionnaires distributed to administrative leaders at various functional levels within Yemeni insurance companies in the Capital Secretariat, 240 valid responses were retrieving. The evidence indicates, this yielded could be an excellent answer rate, facilitating a robust statistical analysis. The evidence indicates, the amass might be data were analyze using SPSS package, while structural equivalence model (SEM) via AMOS was employed to test the study's hypotheses. It is worth noting that, the survey arguably yielded several critical conclusions. These results, first, the level of homo capital availability in Sana'a policy companies is generally high, with "know'' identified as the lead dimension, followed by "knowledge,'' and afterwards "accomplishment''. Organizational operation was also range as high, with "effectiveness'' exceeds "efficiency''. Crucially, the results confirmed a statistically significant positive relationship between human capital and organizational performance. This suggests that strategic investment in human capital is a place driver of improved organizational outcomes. These results, in light of these findings, the study offers actionable recommendations. In light of this, foremost is the imperative for insurance company to implement uninterrupted development programs aimed at upskilling their hands to guarantee effective strategy execution. The evidence indicates, additionally, companies must establish clear operational plans to maximize efficiency, which is vital for strengthening competitive advantage and guarantee long-term market sustainability.  

Lilian Chinedum Igbo, Dr. Paiko Isah Imam, Prof. Ijaiya Mukaila Adebisi PDF

The rate of graduate unemployment in Nigeria has been increasing. This was attributed to a lack of entrepreneurial skills and knowledge that would enable them to be self-reliant and self-employed. This prompted the introduction of a policy that led to the compulsory entrepreneurship education in all tertiary institutions across Nigeria. This study, therefore, examined the effects of entrepreneurship education on new venture creation among serving corps members in North-Central Nigeria (NCN). A cross-sectional research design was employed to collect data from 36,513 serving corps members in the NCN using a Likert-scale questionnaire. A sample size of 398 was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis indicated a positive and significant effect of the entrepreneurship curriculum and educator competence, a negative and significant effect of the pedagogy approach, and a negative but insignificant effect of the learning environment on new venture creation. Additionally, a positive and significant mediating effect of entrepreneurship education policy on NVC is observed. The study recommends reform of the teaching methods used in entrepreneurship education by shifting from traditional lecture-based approaches to more interactive, experiential, and student-centered methods. Additionally, there should be effective implementation and monitoring of the EE policy to achieve the expected outcome.  

Patrick Edem Okon; Romanus Aboh; Esekong Andrew-Essien PDF

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fast changing the way we think, communicate and carryout our daily tasks. In academic research AI has introduced new methods and approaches to research with telling benefits and challenges. This paper addressed the ways students of the University of Calabar and Arthur Jarvis University (both in Nigeria) use AI for academic research. A mixed methods approach was adopted for the study, which allowed for the integration of data from survey and oral interviews. McLuhan’s technological determinism provided the conceptual directions. Key findings showed a relatively high level of AI awareness, familiarity and usage among students from both institutions. While the adoption of Chabot and other conversational AI tools was dominant across the two universities, moderate shifts towards other technically-based tools were recorded. While a substantial number use AI frequently or always, the data skill areas were varied, with data analysis and data interpretation recorded as the least utilized. The challenge of choosing the most appropriate AI tool for each data skill was also evident. The credibility of AI-based research outcomes and the ethical implications of usage, however, remained doubtful among the students. Findings, additionally, underlined the urgent need for educators and university administrators to design official ethical guidelines on the use of AI for research by students, as well as integrate AI literacy courses into their school curricula to help prepare students for what has come to stay in the use of AI for research.  

Ghizlane Darmouni, Smail Kabbaj PDF

Purpose: This paper tests whether multidimensional natural language processing (NLP) signals extracted from social media can improve short-horizon market trend prediction beyond standard sentiment scores. Design/methodology:  Using an empirical dataset built from real-world social-media posts and aligned market data (9,000 posts aggregated into 180 daily observations), we build daily signals that capture sentiment, discrete emotions (joy, fear, anger), uncertainty, toxicity, and engagement/diffusion proxies. We evaluate two decision tasks: (i) one-step-ahead return forecasting and (ii) directional trend classification (up vs down). Models are estimated with time-ordered train/test splits and time-series cross-validation to avoid information leakage. Findings: In return forecasting, a sentiment-augmented linear baseline slightly reduces RMSE relative to a lag-based model, while additional dimensions do not systematically improve point forecasts in a linear specification. In directional classification, however, multidimensional signals increase out-of-sample accuracy and F1 once the probability threshold is calibrated on a validation window. SHAP-style attributions highlight uncertainty and toxicity as influential drivers beyond lagged returns. Practical implications: For market monitoring and decision-support, multidimensional NLP can deliver earlier directional warnings even when accurate point forecasts of returns remain difficult. Originality/value: The paper operationalizes a beyond-sentiment feature space and reports an end-to-end, time-series-consistent evaluation workflow with interpretable diagnostics.

Tefera Getachew Dagnachew, B Lilly Grace Eunice PDF

Nowadays formal financial institutions have received more recognition and their limitations towards financial exclusion, limited reach in rural areas, and potential exploitation remain prevalent. In another way, informal financial institutions’ role in promoting financial inclusion, resilience, and community development is not gaining recognition. In developing countries, the availability of formal financial institutions is limited and in case of cries, they fail to deliver the available service properly. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyse the role of informal financial institutions in the case of crises for resilience. Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed to collect the relevant information. A logit model was employed to analyse the role of IFIs on food security resilience. The result shows that 96.5% of the households participate in IFIs and we found that using HDDS in the area 67% of the households were food insecure during the crises. Participation into IFIs, long stay in the membership, amount of services and income strongly helped them escape food insecurity in case of crises. On the other hand, food displacement and household size are found to reduce food security in case of crises. We conclude that the programmes and policies that target food security in cases of crises or emergencies should provide support to those informal institutions and emphasis should be given to make them strong or integrate with formal ones not to substitute them.  

Dr. Aastha Visavadiya, Dr. Shylaja Attur, Dr. Niharika Sarathy, Dr. Norin Patel PDF

The clear cell variant of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a rare histological subtype, in the oral cavity. This case involves a 40-year-old male patient who presented with a growth on the right lateral border of the tongue. Histopathological analysis showed proliferating surface epithelium over a cellular stroma. The epithelium exhibited dysplastic features and clear cells extended deep into the muscular layer, suggesting well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining showed negative in clear cells. Immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) was positive in both clear and other epithelial cells, while Vimentin showed a strong positive reaction only in the tumour stroma. Based on these special stains and IHC markers, the diagnosis of clear cell variant of OSCC was confirmed. This rare variant is known to be aggressive and presents diagnostic challenges, underscoring the need for more cases to be reported to better understand its biological behaviour and prognosis.  

Nimota Jibola Kadir Abdullahi, Ifeoma P. Okafor, Ijioma Charity Ogbudinkpa, Rahmat Bukola Ahmed-Zakariyya PDF

As the world becomes more interconnected, educational institutions must contend with the difficulty of upholding high standards in various cultural and regulatory landscapes. Effective quality assurance techniques that address differences in education practices and expectations are crucial for ensuring excellence in international educational systems. This study examines the impact of quality assurance mechanisms, particularly capacity, capability, and self-evaluation, on the sustainability of globalized education systems. It aims to determine whether these approaches consistently support high standards across diverse educational systems. Employing a mixed-methods design, the research integrates data from a structured questionnaire (n = 400), in-depth interviews with students, lecturers, and QA officers (n = 15), and an analysis of institutional policy documents. This triangulated approach enhances validity by capturing both quantitative trends and qualitative depth. The findings show that the sustainability of globalized education systems is significantly influenced by effective management of quality assurance. This study emphasizes globalization and acknowledges the growing interconnection of educational institutions, as well as the need for quality assurance. The study contributes a theoretically grounded model based on systems theory, offering strategic insights for context-aware QA frameworks in diverse global settings.  

Thi Ngoc Mai Dao; Thi Hoan Duong; Thi Hai Ly Nguyen; Thuy Linh Nguyen; Thi Hong Thom Do; Hoang Mai Luong PDF

The rapid digitalisation of retail environments has increased the demand for data-driven and personalised marketing strategies. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides advanced analytical capabilities for understanding complex consumer behaviour and improving customer segmentation. This study examines the application of AI-based customer segmentation using the K-Means clustering algorithm in a digital retail context. A publicly available retail dataset containing demographic, behavioural, and marketing interaction variables was analysed using Python-based machine learning techniques. The optimal number of clusters was identified using the Elbow method and the Silhouette coefficient. The results reveal four distinct customer segments that differ meaningfully in spending patterns, channel preferences, customer value, and responsiveness to marketing activities. Compared with traditional demographic-based segmentation, the AI-driven approach enhances the interpretability of customer heterogeneity by integrating behavioural and engagement-related information. The findings contribute to the customer segmentation literature by linking unsupervised clustering outcomes with value-oriented marketing perspectives and support the use of AI-based analytics in data-intensive retail environments.  

Usman Baba Isah; Mukaila Adebisi Ijaiya; Dauda Abdulwaheed; Chetubo Kuta Dauda; Oluwasola Olatunji Yusuf PDF

This study examined the effect of Training and Development (T&D) on the employees’ productivity of Microfinance Banks (MfBs) in North Central Nigeria. An explanatory mixed research method was adopted. For the quantitative part of the study, closed-ended questionnaires were used for primary data collection through questionnaire surveys, while face-to-face interviews were used to collect qualitative data. This study’s population covered all the 113 MfB operating in North Central Nigeria, using a census sampling technique. Data collected we reanalyzed using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS).Similarly, a simple random sampling technique was used to select ten participants from different MfBs across the region, and thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data collected. Quantitative findings revealed a positive and statistically significant effect of T&D on employee productivity of MfBs (???? =0.257; t-statistics = 3.738; and p-value = 0.002). This was confirmed by the qualitative findings, which revealed that the three T&D-related themes (technical skill acquisition, mentorship programs, and training methods) positively influence employee productivity. It is recommended that MfBs invest in task-specific T&D programs to enhance employee productivity.

Sadek Ahmed Al-Husam; Ahmed Mohamed Nasser, Ali Abdullah Al-Awadi; Fuad Mansoor Al-Ward PDF

This study investigates the impact of information systems (IS), across their dimensions (Hardware and Communication Networks, Software, Databases, and Human Resources), on the organizational agility of the Social Fund for Development in Yemen. It also assesses the current levels of IS implementation and organizational agility within the institution. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach, data were collected from 232 employees (a sample of the 580 total staff) via a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS V27. The results demonstrate a statistically significant impact of IS, across all dimensions, on organizational agility. Furthermore, while the overall level of IS utilization and organizational agility was rated as "High," the dimension of decision-making agility was rated "Medium." Based on these findings, the study recommends the continuous evaluation and updating of IS to ensure the timely, accurate, and efficient delivery of information. Additionally, it suggests a clearer definition and delegation of authority at each administrative level and calls for further research to explore this relationship in different contexts and with other dimensions.

Fuad Mansoor Al-Ward PDF

This study examined the complex challenges faced by undergraduate translation students when translating Arabic legal collocations into English, with a specific focus on translation accuracy, strategic choices, and error patterns. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the research analyzed data from 65 fourth-year translation students at Sana’a University, who attempted to translate 33 Arabic legal collocations extracted from authentic legal contracts, including marriage agreements, divorce proceedings, lease contracts, and employment documents. The results revealed significant difficulties, with only 21% of the translations rated as accurate and 71% deemed unacceptable. Analysis of translation strategies showed that paraphrase (30.2%) was the most frequently employed strategy, followed by synonym (21.4%), transposition (21.2%), and literal translation (11.5%). Error analysis identified six primary categories: misunderstanding of specialized legal terminology (35%), inappropriate strategy selection (28%), lack of collocational awareness (20%), Arabic linguistic interference (12%), difficulty with culture-specific concepts (3%), and grammatical complexity (2%). Performance varied significantly across collocation types, with culture-specific and legally complex expressions proving most challenging. The findings contribute to understanding specific difficulties in legal collocation translation and provide empirical evidence for developing targeted pedagogical interventions in translator training programs. These results have significant implications for Arabic-English legal translation pedagogy and curriculum development worldwide, emphasizing the need for specialized instruction in legal terminology, strategic competence, and cultural awareness.  

Tarini Ranjan Pradhan, Saurav PDF

Automation and IOT are transforming hydroponic and aquaponic farming practices in Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA), improving their sustainability, scalability, and efficiency. This review examines the integration of key technologies, including automated pH and nutrient management systems, advanced lighting options, and Internet of Things-enabled smart farming techniques. Although these innovations have drawbacks like high initial capital investment, technical complexity, and energy demands, they also greatly increase productivity, optimize resource use, and reduce reliance on labour. This article addresses scalability and energy constraints by examining case studies that show improvements in yield and resource efficiency. Technologies such as AI-driven analytics and off-grid power solutions are recognized as promising pathways to address these challenges. This paper primarily focuses on controlling the pH level of integrated farming using a IOT system.  

Bernard Ebenezer Cyrus, C. V. Senthil Nathan, Kalpana Devi V, P. V. Hari Hara Subramanyan PDF

Background: Ageing is associated with a progressive decline in muscle strength, balance, and functional mobility, leading to an increased risk of falls and dependency. Multicomponent exercise programs such as Vivifrail have been recommended for frail and pre-frail older adults to improve functional outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Vivifrail exercises on functional mobility among elderly individuals using the Performance-Orientated Mobility Assessment (POMA). Methods: A pilot interventional study was conducted on six elderly participants aged ≥65 years. One participant dropped out, resulting in five participants completing the intervention. Vivifrail exercises were performed for 8 weeks. Functional mobility was assessed using POMA before and after the intervention. Results: Mean POMA scores improved from 19.0 ± 1.58 to 24.0 ± 1.58 following the intervention. The paired t-test showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Vivifrail exercises significantly improved functional mobility among elderly participants. The findings support the feasibility and effectiveness of Vivifrail as a fall-prevention and mobility-enhancing intervention in geriatric rehabilitation.

Mr.Vivek Gaur; Dr. Ajay Singh*; Dr. Amresh Kumar Singh*; Dr. Sushil Kumar; Dr. Ankur Kumar PDF

Hepatitis is becoming a significant concern in India, serving as a key reason for liver disease in the country. This blood-borne infection poses a high risk of progressing to a chronic state and has linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), highlighting its critical community health relevance. Transmissions through blood, injecting risk behaviours, high-risk sexual practices among male sex with male (MSM) and unsafe medical procedures involving infected needles are the major cause of hepatitis C virus (HCV) spread, also plays significant role for co-infections. Moreover, addressing risk factors by decreasing high risk behaviour can help to reduce the prevalence. This study determines the current scenario of co-infections in acute and chronic HCV cases among high risk group (HRG) populations. HCV epidemiology and prevalence among HRGin past few years which includes IDUs, patient undergoing for haemodialysis, MSM, people living in hyper endemic areas, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in gender-diverse populations and sex workers. It’s a biggest challenge in India that management of HRG and linking them to health care facility, but more cost-effective treatment and implement of efficient methods might plays significant role to control the HCV and its associated co-infections.  

Nitin Pandey; Brijesh Singh; Atul Kumar Dubey PDF

Handwriting is a combination of class and individual characteristics influenced by multiple internal and external factors which is known as Natural variation. This research analyzes the variations in handwriting characteristics when written under different writing surfaces. A total of 700 handwriting samples were collected from 70 individuals (35 males and 35 females) on conventional surfaces and experimental conditions on unconventional surfaces such as walls, laps, tables, and blankets. The class characteristics of the handwriting samples were examined for changes in the characteristics like slant, tremors, movement, retouching, alignment, and other handwriting features using statistical analysis such as ANOVA and t-test, which shows a significant differences in key handwriting characteristics, particularly in tremors, movement, and retouching, while slant showed minimal variation across different surfaces. The study concludes that writing surfaces influence handwriting stability and movement control, supporting the forensic principle of handwriting examination of Natural variation and it must be carefully considered during document examination. This research contributes to forensic handwriting analysis by providing scientific evidence on how writing conditions affect handwriting features, aiding forensic experts in distinguishing natural variations from potential forgeries.  

Ayasal Anthony Auya (PhD), Ekaette, Glory Edem (PhD), Ugonna Obi-Emeruwa (PhD). PDF

This study investigates the intricate relationship between airport infrastructure quality and airline operational efficiency at Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport (NAIA) in Abuja, Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the study integrates quantitative data analysis with qualitative insights from key stakeholders, including airline operators, airport authorities, and passengers. The findings reveal significant deficiencies in NAIA’s infrastructure, including deteriorating runways, overcrowded terminals, unreliable baggage handling systems, and erratic power supply. These challenges have cascading effects on airline operations, resulting in low flight punctuality rates (68%), extended turnaround times (55 minutes), and elevated fuel consumption (12% above benchmark). Statistical analysis demonstrates strong correlations between substandard infrastructure and reduced operational efficiency, underscoring the urgent need for targeted interventions. Comparative analysis situates NAIA’s challenges within the broader context of African airports, highlighting systemic issues such as aging facilities, limited funding, and bureaucratic inefficiencies. However, successful case studies from airports like OR Tambo International and Addis Ababa Bole International illustrate the transformative potential of strategic investments and stakeholder collaboration. The study proposes actionable recommendations, including infrastructure upgrades, technological adoption, sustainable practices, and enhanced governance structures, to address these deficiencies. By implementing these measures, NAIA can enhance airline competitiveness, improve passenger satisfaction, and align with global aviation standards. 

Thirulogachandar Gunasekar, C. V. Senthil Nathan, P. Senthil, V. H. Hema PDF

Background: Agility, reaction time, and postural control are essential performance determinants in Kabaddi, a high-intensity intermittent sport demanding rapid directional changes, reflex responses, and stability during dynamic contact. Although traditional strength and agility drills are common, plyometric training may induce more significant neuromuscular adaptation. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 male Kabaddi players aged 18–25 years, who were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 20 each).Group A underwent an 8-week plyometric training protocol, whereas Group B performed traditional agility and conditioning drills matched for frequency and duration.Agility was assessed using the Modified T-Drill Test, reaction time was measured using a digital reaction trainer sensor, and postural control was evaluated using a force plate system to analyze center-of-pressure (COP) sway. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were compared within and between groups using paired and unpaired t-tests. Results: Plyometric training produced greater improvements in agility (−2.8 ± 0.5 s vs −1.5 ± 0.6 s, p < 0.01), reaction time (−78 ± 22 ms vs −44 ± 17 ms, p < 0.01), and postural stability (COP sway reduction −18.2% vs −9.6%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The 8-week plyometric program significantly enhanced agility, reaction speed, and postural control compared to traditional training. Plyometric drills integrating explosive lower-limb power and reactive balance stimuli can be effectively incorporated in Kabaddi performance conditioning.